Difesa CSRF

Cos'è il CSRF?

CSRF (Cross-Site Request Forgery, falsificazione di richiesta intersito) è una vulnerabilità di sicurezza in cui un aggressore induce un utente autenticato a eseguire azioni non intenzionali a sua insaputa. In breve, l'aggressore sfrutta l'identità già autenticata dell'utente per inviare richieste malevole a suo nome.

Principio di attacco CSRF

Le fasi dell'attacco sono tipicamente:

L'utente accede al sito target A e ottiene il cookie di autenticazione
L'utente visita un sito malevolo B
Il codice nel sito B invia automaticamente richieste al sito A, includendo il cookie dell'utente
Il sito A non può distinguere se si tratta di una richiesta malevola o di un'azione legittima dell'utente

Strategie di protezione

Salvo fornisce un middleware CSRF per proteggere la tua applicazione da questo tipo di attacchi:

Aggiunge un token CSRF nascosto nei form
Verifica che le richieste inviate dall'utente contengano un token CSRF valido
Per impostazione predefinita, verifica le richieste POST, PATCH, DELETE e PUT

Implementazione CSRF in Salvo

Csrf è una struttura che implementa Handler, contenente internamente un campo skipper per specificare richieste che non richiedono verifica. Di default, verifica le richieste Method::POST, Method::PATCH, Method::DELETE, Method::PUT.

Salvo supporta due metodi di archiviazione dei token CSRF:

CookieStore: memorizza il token in un cookie, verificando che il valore csrf-token nell'header o nel form corrisponda al valore del cookie
SessionStore: memorizza il token nella sessione, richiedendo l'uso congiunto con il middleware di sessione

Codice di esempio (cookie store)

main.rs

Cargo.toml

csrf-cookie-store/src/main.rs

use salvo::csrf::*;
use salvo::prelude::*;
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};

// Handler for serving the home page with links to different CSRF protection methods
#[handler]
pub async fn home(res: &mut Response) {
    let html = r#"
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Csrf CookieStore</title></head>
    <body>
    <h2>Csrf Exampe: CookieStore</h2>
    <ul>
        <li><a href="/bcrypt/">Bcrypt</a></li>
        <li><a href="/hmac/">Hmac</a></li>
        <li><a href="/aes_gcm/">Aes Gcm</a></li>
        <li><a href="/ccp/">chacha20poly1305</a></li>
    </ul>
    </body>"#;
    res.render(Text::Html(html));
}

// Handler for GET requests that displays a form with CSRF token
#[handler]
pub async fn get_page(depot: &mut Depot, res: &mut Response) {
    let new_token = depot.csrf_token().unwrap_or_default();
    res.render(Text::Html(get_page_html(new_token, "")));
}

// Handler for POST requests that processes form submission with CSRF validation
#[handler]
pub async fn post_page(req: &mut Request, depot: &mut Depot, res: &mut Response) {
    // Define data structure for form submission
    #[derive(Deserialize, Serialize, Debug)]
    struct Data {
        csrf_token: String,
        message: String,
    }
    // Parse the submitted form data into the Data struct
    let data = req.parse_form::<Data>().await.unwrap();
    // Log the received form data for debugging
    tracing::info!("posted data: {:?}", data);
    // Generate a new CSRF token for the next request
    let new_token = depot.csrf_token().unwrap_or_default();
    // Generate HTML response with the new token and display the submitted data
    let html = get_page_html(new_token, &format!("{data:#?}"));
    // Send the HTML response back to the client
    res.render(Text::Html(html));
}

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() {
    // Initialize logging system
    tracing_subscriber::fmt().init();

    // Configure CSRF token finder in form data
    let form_finder = FormFinder::new("csrf_token");

    // Initialize different CSRF protection methods
    let bcrypt_csrf = bcrypt_cookie_csrf(form_finder.clone());
    let hmac_csrf = hmac_cookie_csrf(*b"01234567012345670123456701234567", form_finder.clone());
    let aes_gcm_cookie_csrf =
        aes_gcm_cookie_csrf(*b"01234567012345670123456701234567", form_finder.clone());
    let ccp_cookie_csrf =
        ccp_cookie_csrf(*b"01234567012345670123456701234567", form_finder.clone());

    // Configure router with different CSRF protection endpoints
    let router = Router::new()
        .get(home)
        // Bcrypt-based CSRF protection
        .push(
            Router::with_hoop(bcrypt_csrf)
                .path("bcrypt")
                .get(get_page)
                .post(post_page),
        )
        // HMAC-based CSRF protection
        .push(
            Router::with_hoop(hmac_csrf)
                .path("hmac")
                .get(get_page)
                .post(post_page),
        )
        // AES-GCM-based CSRF protection
        .push(
            Router::with_hoop(aes_gcm_cookie_csrf)
                .path("aes_gcm")
                .get(get_page)
                .post(post_page),
        )
        // ChaCha20Poly1305-based CSRF protection
        .push(
            Router::with_hoop(ccp_cookie_csrf)
                .path("ccp")
                .get(get_page)
                .post(post_page),
        );

    // Start server on port 5800
    let acceptor = TcpListener::new("0.0.0.0:5800").bind().await;
    Server::new(acceptor).serve(router).await;
}

// Helper function to generate HTML page with CSRF token and message
fn get_page_html(csrf_token: &str, msg: &str) -> String {
    format!(
        r#"
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Csrf Example</title></head>
    <body>
    <h2>Csrf Exampe: CookieStore</h2>
    <ul>
        <li><a href="/bcrypt/">Bcrypt</a></li>
        <li><a href="/hmac/">Hmac</a></li>
        <li><a href="/aes_gcm/">Aes Gcm</a></li>
        <li><a href="/ccp/">chacha20poly1305</a></li>
    </ul>
    <form action="./" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="csrf_token" value="{csrf_token}" />
        <div>
            <label>Message:<input type="text" name="message" /></label>
        </div>
        <button type="submit">Send</button>
    </form>
    <pre>{msg}</pre>
    </body>
    </html>
    "#
    )
}

Codice di esempio (session store)

main.rs

Cargo.toml

csrf-session-store/src/main.rs

use salvo::csrf::*;
use salvo::prelude::*;
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};

// Handler for serving the home page with links to different CSRF protection methods
#[handler]
pub async fn home(res: &mut Response) {
    let html = r#"
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Csrf SessionStore</title></head>
    <body>
    <h2>Csrf Exampe: SessionStore</h2>
    <ul>
        <li><a href="/bcrypt/">Bcrypt</a></li>
        <li><a href="/hmac/">Hmac</a></li>
        <li><a href="/aes_gcm/">Aes Gcm</a></li>
        <li><a href="/ccp/">chacha20poly1305</a></li>
    </ul>
    </body>"#;
    res.render(Text::Html(html));
}

// Handler for GET requests that displays a form with CSRF token
#[handler]
pub async fn get_page(depot: &mut Depot, res: &mut Response) {
    let new_token = depot.csrf_token().unwrap_or_default();
    res.render(Text::Html(get_page_html(new_token, "")));
}

// Handler for POST requests that processes form submission with CSRF validation
#[handler]
pub async fn post_page(req: &mut Request, depot: &mut Depot, res: &mut Response) {
    // Define data structure for form submission
    #[derive(Deserialize, Serialize, Debug)]
    struct Data {
        csrf_token: String,
        message: String,
    }
    // Parse the submitted form data into the Data struct
    let data = req.parse_form::<Data>().await.unwrap();
    // Log the received form data for debugging
    tracing::info!("posted data: {:?}", data);
    // Generate a new CSRF token for the next request
    let new_token = depot.csrf_token().unwrap_or_default();
    // Generate HTML response with the new token and display the submitted data
    let html = get_page_html(new_token, &format!("{data:#?}"));
    // Send the HTML response back to the client
    res.render(Text::Html(html));
}

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() {
    // Initialize logging system
    tracing_subscriber::fmt().init();

    // Configure CSRF token finder in form data
    let form_finder = FormFinder::new("csrf_token");

    // Initialize different CSRF protection methods using session store
    let bcrypt_csrf = bcrypt_session_csrf(form_finder.clone());
    let hmac_csrf = hmac_session_csrf(*b"01234567012345670123456701234567", form_finder.clone());
    let aes_gcm_session_csrf =
        aes_gcm_session_csrf(*b"01234567012345670123456701234567", form_finder.clone());
    let ccp_session_csrf =
        ccp_session_csrf(*b"01234567012345670123456701234567", form_finder.clone());

    // Configure session handler with memory store and secret key
    let session_handler = salvo::session::SessionHandler::builder(
        salvo::session::MemoryStore::new(),
        b"secretabsecretabsecretabsecretabsecretabsecretabsecretabsecretab",
    )
    .build()
    .unwrap();

    // Configure router with session handler and different CSRF protection endpoints
    let router = Router::new()
        .get(home)
        .hoop(session_handler)
        // Bcrypt-based CSRF protection
        .push(
            Router::with_hoop(bcrypt_csrf)
                .path("bcrypt")
                .get(get_page)
                .post(post_page),
        )
        // HMAC-based CSRF protection
        .push(
            Router::with_hoop(hmac_csrf)
                .path("hmac")
                .get(get_page)
                .post(post_page),
        )
        // AES-GCM-based CSRF protection
        .push(
            Router::with_hoop(aes_gcm_session_csrf)
                .path("aes_gcm")
                .get(get_page)
                .post(post_page),
        )
        // ChaCha20Poly1305-based CSRF protection
        .push(
            Router::with_hoop(ccp_session_csrf)
                .path("ccp")
                .get(get_page)
                .post(post_page),
        );

    // Start server on port 5800
    let acceptor = TcpListener::new("0.0.0.0:5800").bind().await;
    Server::new(acceptor).serve(router).await;
}

// Helper function to generate HTML page with CSRF token and message
fn get_page_html(csrf_token: &str, msg: &str) -> String {
    format!(
        r#"
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Csrf SessionStore</title></head>
    <body>
    <h2>Csrf Exampe: SessionStore</h2>
    <ul>
        <li><a href="/bcrypt/">Bcrypt</a></li>
        <li><a href="/hmac/">Hmac</a></li>
        <li><a href="/aes_gcm/">Aes Gcm</a></li>
        <li><a href="/ccp/">chacha20poly1305</a></li>
    </ul>
    <form action="./" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="csrf_token" value="{csrf_token}" />
        <div>
            <label>Message:<input type="text" name="message" /></label>
        </div>
        <button type="submit">Send</button>
    </form>
    <pre>{msg}</pre>
    </body>
    </html>
    "#
    )
}

In questa pagina

#Difesa CSRF

#Cos'è il CSRF?

#Principio di attacco CSRF

#Strategie di protezione

#Implementazione CSRF in Salvo

Difesa CSRF

Cos'è il CSRF?

Principio di attacco CSRF

Strategie di protezione

Implementazione CSRF in Salvo